Le Citoyen Américain was founded in August 1870 by Dr. J.-N. Cadieux in Syracuse, NY. The bilingual (English and French) weekly was devoted to "Education, Reform, Temperance, and Progress." Despite its lofty ambitions of serving as a voice and a guide for the Franco-American people, the publication lasted only a few months. Here, published just one year before his death, is a letter to the newspaper from politician and 1837-38 Rebellion leader Louis-Joseph Papineau, in which he praises the U.S., encourages his compatriots there to learn from the example of the Republic, and calls for annexation of Canada to the United States.